Soil moisture related information

Definition and function

Soil moisture refers to the amount or proportion of water contained in the soil. It is an important variable that controls the water and energy exchange process between land and atmosphere. It plays a vital role in the horological cycle and climate system, and is also very important for agricultural drought monitoring and prediction. Appropriate soil moisture is essential for the root development of crops. It can promote the growth and expansion of the root system, increase the contact area between the root system and the soil, and improve the root system's ability to absorb water and nutrients, thereby increasing the growth rate and yield of crops. At the same time, soil moisture will also affect the regional ecosystem. When its water content is lower than the water requirement of plants, disasters may occur. It has been widely used in the monitoring of regional drought.

 


Influencing factors

Climate conditions

Climate factors such as precipitation, average annual temperature, and monsoon will have a direct impact on soil moisture. In areas with high precipitation, soil moisture is often higher; while in areas with low precipitation, soil moisture is relatively low. In addition, changes in temperature will also affect the evaporation and condensation of soil moisture, thereby affecting soil moisture. For example, in high temperature seasons, soil moisture evaporates faster and soil humidity decreases; while in low temperature seasons, soil moisture condenses more and soil humidity increases.

 

Topography

Topography is also an important factor affecting soil moisture. Generally speaking, low-lying areas are prone to water accumulation and soil humidity is relatively high; while high-lying areas have good drainage and relatively low soil humidity. In addition, slope direction will also affect soil humidity. The sunny slope receives more solar radiation, soil moisture evaporates faster, and the humidity is relatively low; the opposite is true for the shady slope.

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