The pH value of water is affected by many factors

The pH value of water is affected by many factors, which can be divided into several categories such as dissolved substances, environmental factors, biological activities and water pollution. The following is a detailed introduction for you:

Dissolved substances

Acidic substances: If the dissolved substance is acidic, the pH value of water will decrease, that is, the water is acidic. Acidic substances can release hydrogen ions, increase the concentration of hydrogen ions in water, and thus reduce the pH value. For example, strong acids such as sulfuric acid and hydrochloride acid dissolved in water will significantly reduce the pH value of water.

Alkaline substances: Alkaline substances can release hydroxide ions, increase the concentration of hydroxide ions in water, and thus increase the pH value. For example, strong bases such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide dissolved in water will significantly increase the pH value of water.

Environmental factors

Temperature: The increase in temperature will increase the concentration of dissolved hydrogen ions in water, because the reaction rate of the solution will increase with the increase in temperature. Similarly, the hydroxide ion concentration of alkaline substances dissolved in water will also be affected by temperature, thereby affecting the pH value of water.

Atmospheric composition: Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere reacts with water to produce carbolic acid, increasing the concentration of carbolic acid in the water, making the water acidic. This is because carbolic acid is a weak acid that releases some hydrogen ions, lowering the pH of the water. Therefore, if water is exposed to the atmosphere, especially in an environment with a lot of carbon dioxide, the pH of the water may decrease.

Biological activity

Algae and photosynthetic bacteria: Excessive growth and reproduction of algae consume a large amount of carbon sources in the water, causing the pH of the water to rise rapidly. Excessive growth and reproduction of photosynthetic bacteria can also cause the pH to rise.

Biological respiration: Biological respiration produces carbon dioxide, which dissolves in water to form carbolic acid, thereby lowering the pH of the water.

Water pollution

Some pollutants are acidic or alkaline, and their presence will cause the pH of the water to change. For example, the discharge of acidic substances such as sulfuric acid and nitric acid will reduce the pH of the water; the discharge of alkaline substances such as ammonia and hydroxide will increase the pH of the water.

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