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Salinity is a key parameter of water quality, and its impact is primarily manifested in the following ways: 1. Changes in Water Density Salinity levels alter water density, contributing to stratification in the water column. Just as a decrease in temperature increases water density, an increase in salinity produces the same effect. In fact, the change in water density caused by a 1 PSU increase in salinity is equivalent to the change in density caused by a 4°C decrease in temperature. This density change can lead to vertical or horizontal stratification in the water column. For example, in estuaries, a horizontal salinity line can form between freshwater and saltwater. In estuaries with weak tides, horizontal stratification occurs, allowing freshwater flowing from the river to float on denser seawater with little mixing. 2. Dissolved Oxygen Content Since saltwater cannot hold as much dissolved oxygen as freshwater, stratification caused by salinity can lead to hypoxia and oxygen-defic...

Definition of TDS TDS (Total Dissolved Solids) refers to the total amount of dissolved solids in water, including inorganic salts and organic matter. It is usually expressed in milligrams per liter (mg/L) or as electrical conductivity (EC). TDS measurement works by indirectly measuring water purity through electrical resistance. Pure water is an insulator, while natural water, rich in inorganic salts and organic matter, becomes a conductor. The greater the amount of these impurities in the water, the higher the conductivity. The Relationship between TDS and Water Quality TDS is an important parameter for evaluating water quality, but it cannot fully reflect the quality of the water. The following is a detailed analysis of the relationship between TDS and water quality: TDS Does Not Provide a Comprehensive Reflection of Water Quality TDS only reflects the total amount of dissolved solids in water and does not fully reflect water quality. For example, TDS does not reflect the presence of...